IN 1945, Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morita launch their radio-repair shop, under the brand name Sony, in bombed-out Tokyo. In 2010, Greece faces a mounting debt crisis as its economy teeters on the brink of collapse. And starting in 2011, revolution grips the Arab world as the people of Tunisia, Egypt, Syria and elsewhere begin the long fight for democracy.
These events may seem unconnected. Each is undoubtedly the product of very different, complex circumstances. Yet some political scientists have begun to suggest that one common process was bubbling under all three, and many other political and economic shifts besides: a change in the age structure of a country's population, known as the demographic transition.
A country goes through this transition as increasing numbers of infants reach adulthood and then move into middle and old age. It is generally accompanied by developments in infrastructure, urbanisation and education, and so it ...
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